Health of Korean sexual and gender minorities: a narrative review of quantitative studies

This study aims to examine research on the health of sexual and gender minorities (SGM) in South Korea and to propose the role of healthcare professionals in improving their health and access to medical care. We conducted a narrative review of quantitative studies on Korean SGM published since 2000. We identified 33 quantitative studies published in peer-reviewed international journals by March 1, 2024. Korean SGM reported many symptoms of depression and anxiety, and had more suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts. They also reported a lower health related quality of life. While previous studies have shown that gender-affirming care improve the health and quality of life of transgender and gender diverse people (TGD), little is known about the utilization and accessibility of GAC among TGD in Korea. Overall, there were very few studies on the health of SGM in Korea and the topics were limited. To improve the health and enhance medical accessibility of Korean SGM, we recommended following approaches. First, more studies on Korean SGM health are needed. Second, an education and training programs are needed to foster medical personnel who have knowledge about SGM heath and advocate SGM health. Third, studies and strategies are needed to implement programs to improve SGM health such as increasing the accessibility of GAC known to improve the TGD health. Lastly, healthcare professionals should become active advocates for SGM health and speak out for changes in public perception and institutional change with broad understanding of SGM and SGM health.