Table 2
Hygiene practices and educational effects surrounding sanitary products

Reference Topic Study design Country Study sample Results
Ahn & Kim (2008) [52] Daily usage CS South Korea 132 Menstrual pad usage was related to a number of discomforts including unpleasant smell, and adverse effects such as an itching feeling and skin rash.
Shah et al. (2013) [53] Hygiene practices F India 164 Subjects who received reusable pads showed higher participation in schoolwork and reduced fear in garment soiling, reporting to feel more comfortable.
Mucherah & Thomas (2017) [54] Hygiene practices CS Kenya 150 Subjects who had reached menarche with pads showed better outcomes in school attendance, grades etc. compared to those who had reached menarche without them.
Anand et al. (2015) [55] Hygiene practices CS India 577758 Inappropriate hygiene practices were closely related to vaginal discharge and reproductive tract infections with high statistical evidence, respectively.
Hennegan et al. (2017) [56] Education CC Uganda 27 Puberty education elicited improvement in girls' confidence to openly talk about menstruation, as well as additional support from teachers.
Mason et al. (2013) [57] Education F Kenya 120 Before intervention, most of the subjects coped with menarche by themselves employing unhygienic methods.
All of the studies in the Table 2 were conducted through interview which is a self-reported exposure such as questionnaire.
CS, cross-sectional study; F, follow-up study; CC, case-control study.