Table 1
Molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer and targeted treatment options

Molecular subtype	Targeted therapy
MSI	Immune checkpoint inhibitors
RAS/RAF wild-type	Anti-EGRF mAbs
BRAFV600E mutated	BRAF inhibitors+anti-EGRF mAbs +/- MEK inhibitors
RAS mutated	New-generation KRAS inhibitors
HER2 amplified	Anti-HER2 mAbs/inhibitors, anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate
NTRK fusion	TRK inhibitors

MSI, microsatellite instability; RAS, rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; RAF, rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma; EGRF, epithelial growth factor receptor; mAbs, monoclonal antibodies; BRAF, B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine-protein kinase; MEK, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase; KRAS, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; NTRK, neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK, tropomyosin receptor kinase.