Table 2. Studies analyzing cost of robot-assisted surgery for colorectal disease

Study (Ref.)	Design	Diagnosis	Operation	Study arms	Costs	P-value
Baek et al., 2012 [45]	Retrospective	Rectal cancer	All rectal rection (AR, LAR, ISR, APR, TPC)	Robot	$14,647	0.001
Baek et al., 2012 [45]	Retrospective	Rectal cancer	All rectal rection (AR, LAR, ISR, APR, TPC)	Laparoscope	$9,978	0.001
Park et al., 2015 [46]	Prospective	Rectal cancer	LAR	Robot	$12,742	<0.001
Park et al., 2015 [46]	Prospective	Rectal cancer	LAR	Laparoscope	$10,101	<0.001
Jayne et al., 2017 [19]	RCT	Rectal cancer	All rectal resection (AR, LAR, APR)	Robot	$13,668	0.02
Jayne et al., 2017 [19]	RCT	Rectal cancer	All rectal resection (AR, LAR, APR)	Laparoscope	$12 556	0.02
Morelli et al., 2016 [48]	Retrospective	Rectal cancer	All rectal resection (AR, LAR, ISR, APR)	Robot	Euro 12,283	<0.001
Morelli et al., 2016 [48]	Retrospective	Rectal cancer	All rectal resection (AR, LAR, ISR, APR)	Laparoscope	Euro 7,619	<0.001
Park et al., 2019 [30]	RCT	Colon cancer	Right colectomy	Robot	$12,235	0.013
Park et al., 2019 [30]	RCT	Colon cancer	Right colectomy	Laparoscope	$10,320	0.013

AR, anterior resection; LAR, low anterior resection; ISR, intersphincteric resection; APR, abdominoperineal resection; TPC, total proctocolectomy; RCT, randomized controlled trial.