Table 5. Drug treatment for dyslipidemia in children and adolescents

Ages Treatments
Newborn – 9 years old •Lipid lowering therapy is limited to cases of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, LDL cholesterol≥400 mg/dL, primary hypertriglyceridemia (≥500 mg/dL), cardiovascular disease, and heart transplantation.
10–21 years old •Immediately refer to an expert- LDL cholesterol≥250 mg/dL or triglycerides≥500 mg/dL•Statin treatment1) LDL cholesterol≥190 mg/dL2) LDL cholesterol between 160–189 mg/dL with a family history of premature CVD or one or more high-level risk factors, or at least two moderate-level risk factors3) LDL cholesterol between 130–159 mg/dL with two or more high-level risk factors, or at least one high-level risk factor and two moderate-level risk factors• Omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil)- Triglycerides≥200–499 mg/dL, non-HDL cholesterol≥145 mg/dL• Consider treatment with statins, fibrates, or niacin- If non-HDL cholesterol≥145 mg/dL even after LDL cholesterol has reached target
CVD, cardiovascular disease.