Anal sphincter repair | Do not respond to conservative therapy, have anatomic sphincter defect | Have defect of external anal sphincter |
Redo anal sphincter repair | Not addressed | After failed overlapping sphincteroplasty should be avoided unless other treatments are not possible |
Anatomic defect correction (prolapse, fistula, etc.) | Not addressed | Fistula, hemorrhoid, fistula or cloaca should be corrected for treatment of fecal incontinence. |
Other surgeries | Dynamic graciloplasty may allow patient with FI to avoid colostomy | Insufficient to support the use of the magnetic sphincter |
Colostomy | Last resort procedure | Have failed to other therapies |