| Neuromuscular disorders | Cerebral palsy |
| Duchenne muscular dystrophy | |
| Progressive myopathy | |
| Endocrine disorders | Delayed puberty |
| Hypogonadism | |
| Growth hormone deficiency | |
| Hyperthyroidism | |
| Hyperparathyroidism | |
| Cushing disease | |
| Vitamin D metabolism disorder | |
| Hematologic disorders | Leukemia/Lymphoma |
| Hemoglobinopathy | |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | Inflammatory bowel disease |
| Celiac disease | |
| Malabsorption | |
| Chronic liver disease | |
| Milk intolerance | |
| Renal disorders | Chronic renal failure |
| Nephrotic syndrome | |
| Connective tissue disorders | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| Juvenile idiopathic arthritis | |
| Juvenile dermatomyositis | |
| Inborn errors of metabolism | Glycogen storage disease |
| Galactosemia | |
| Gaucher disease | |
| Others | Immobilization |
| Anorexia nervosa | |
| Glucocorticoids | |
| Chemotherapeutic agents | |
| Immune suppressants | |
| Anticonvulsants | |
| Anticoagulant | |
| Radiation therapy |