Table 1. Inflammatory response markers associated with the prognosis of CRC

Author Year Population Patients (n) Main outcome HR (95% CI) P-value Cut-off
Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio
Halazun [30] 2008 CRLM following curative-intent resection 440 DFS 2.26 (1.65−3.13) <0.001 5
Ding [28] 2010 CC following curative resection (stage IIA) 141 RFS 4.88 (1.73−13.75) 0.003 4
Hung [29] 2011 CC following curative resection (stage II) 1,040 OS 1.29 (1.07−1.80) 0.012 5
Chiang [18] 2012 CRC following curative resection (stage I-III) 3,857 DFS 1.31 (1.09−1.57) (especially CC) 0.013 3
Guthrie [19] 2013 CRC following curative resection (stage I-III) 206 CSS 3.07 (1.23−7.63) <0.05 5
Malietzis [20] 2014 CRC following curative resection (stage I-III) 506 DFS 2.41 (1.12−5.15) 0.024 3
Nagasaki [25] 2015 RC following nCRT and curative resection (stage I-III) 201 OS 3.38 0.012 3
Li [21] 2016 CRC following curative resection (stage I-III) 5,336 DFS OS 1.20 (1.05−1.37) 1.23 (1.01−1.50) 0.009 0.047 2.72
Song [23] 2017 CRC following resection (stage I-IV) 1,744 CSS OS 0.74 (0.57−0.95) 0.76 (0.60−0.96) (reference: NLR≥2) 0.018 0.021 2
Pedrazzani [24] 2017 CRC following curative resection (stage I-IV) 603 CSS OS 1.22 (0.77−1.93) 1.15 (0.86−1.54) 0.40 0.003 3.5
Mao [31] 2019 CRLM following nCT and resection 183 RFS OS 1.53 (1.08−2.18) 2.43 (1.49−3.94) 0.017 <0.001 2.3
Casadei-Gardini [33] 2019 CRC following CT (stage IV) 276 PFS OS 2.27 (1.59−3.23) 14.4 (11.4−17.1) <0.001 <0.001 3
Inamoto [22] 2019 CRC following curative resection (stage I-III) 448 DFS CSS OS 1.71 (1.12−2.66) 2.11 (0.96−5.05) 2.04 (1.11−3.96) 0.01 0.06 0.02 2.05
Erstad [32] 2020 CRLM following curative-intent resection 151 OS 2.46 (1.08−5.60) 0.032 5
Yosida [27] 2020 RC following curative resection (T1-2) 151 DFS 5.11 (1.84−16.4) 0.002 2.58
Zhang [26] 2020 RC following nCRT and curative resection (stage II-III) 472 DFS OS 1.71 (1.02−2.87) 1.80 (1.01−3.20) 0.044 0.046 2.3
Platelet–lymphocyte ratio
Pedrazzani [24] 2017 CRC following curative resection (stage I-IV) 603 CSS OS 1.64 (0.74−3.62) 1.86 (1.05−3.32) 0.22 0.034 350
Erstad [32] 2020 CRLM following curative-intent resection 151 OS 2.10 (1.04−4.23) 0.037 220
An [14] 2022 RC following nCRT and curative resection (stage I-III) 168 OS 1.79 (1.01−3.17) 0.047 170
Lymphocyte–monocyte ratio
Li [21] 2016 CRC following curative resection (stage I-III) 5,336 DFS OS 0.77 (0.67−0.88) 0.76 (0.62−0.93) <0.001 0.008 2.83
Chan [35] 2017 CRC following curative resection (stage I-III) 1,623 OS 0.57 (0.48−0.68) <0.001 2.38
Chen [37] 2019 Obstructive CRC with stent insertion following resection 128 DFS OS 0.42 (0.17−1.07) 0.40 (0.18−0.92) 0.068 0.031 1.67
Glasgow prognostic score
Choi [39] 2014 CRC following resection (stage I-IV) 105 CSS 5.17 (1.76−15.18) 0.003
Inamoto [22] 2019 CRC following curative resection (stage I-III) 448 DFS CSS OS 1.68 (1.03−2.67) 2.17 (1.03−4.49) 1.73 (0.97−3.02) 0.04 0.04 0.06
Lee [40] 2020 CRC following curative-intent resection (stage I-IV) 1,590 DFS OS 1.71 (1.23−2.38) 2.34 (1.62−3.39) 0.001 0.001
Modified Glasgow prognostic score
Leitch [43] 2007 CRC following curative-intent resection (stage I-IV) 149 CSS 1.44 (1.01−2.04) 0.043
Roxburgh [41] 2009 CRC following curative resection (stage I-III) 287 CSS 2.65 (1.66−4.25) <0.001
Park [44] 2016 CRC following curative-intent resection (stage I-IV) 1,000 CSS OS 1.28 (1.09−1.52) 1.28 (1.13−1.45) 0.003 <0.001
Tokunaga [42] 2017 CRC following curative resection (stage I-III) 468 RFS OS 2.14 (1.40−3.24) 2.45 (1.53−3.88) <0.001 <0.001
Suzuki [45] 2018 CRC following curative-intent resection (stage I-IV) 727 OS 2.01 0.005
CRC, colorectal cancer; HR, hazard ratio; CRLM, colorectal cancer with liver metastasis; DFS, disease-free survival; CC, colon cancer; RFS, recurrence-free survival; OS, overall survival; CSS, cancer-specific survival; RC, rectal cancer; nCRT, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy; NLR, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; PFS, progression-free survival.