Antimicrobials were one of the great invention of modern era. However, the abuse of antimicrobial both in human and animals has led to a high rate of occurrence of antimicrobial resistant microbes. Disease treatment caused by antimicrobial resistant microbes including superbacteria has emerged as critical issue worldwide. Communication and cooperation among researchers in diverse fields are needed to solve the resistance to antimicrobials. Culture Collection of Antimicrobial Resistant Microbes (CCARM) has taken a leadership role an intermediary among various research fields by providing certified antimicrobial resistant microbes with their information since 1999. CCARM collects antimicrobial resistant microbes from clinical, agricultural animals and products, and environmental fields, and classifies and stores them according to their origins, species and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. CCARM is performing the roles (collection, deposit, preservation, distribution, service, and consulting) of Biological Resource Center designated by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
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, Jong-Sik Hah Assisted reproductive technology(ART) have contributed significantly to alleviating subfer-tility in the childless couple. In spite of the many advances in the field of ART, the pregnancy and take-home baby rates for in vitro fertilization(IVF) have been very poor. In order to overcome these problems, a variety of coculture systems has been devised. Vero cells, derived from African green monkey kidney, were selected because kidney and genital tract have a common embryonic origin. In addition, these cells are safe for coculture with embryos : they are highly controlled for viruses and other contaminants because they are used for vaccine production. Several investigators showed that cocultureing human embryos with Vero cells in vitro resulted in an improvement of embryo development. However, they did not observe the same results using mouse oocytes and embryos. We thus designed a series of experiments to demonstrate whether or not Vero cells do indeed enhance mouse oocyte maturation and embryo development. In this experiment, Vero cell does not allow the mouse immature oocytes to be enhanced maturation rate in vitro.
To study the 'In-Vitro 2-cell Block' in mouse embryo, we have cocultured ICR one-cell mouse embryos with Vero cell in different medium. In Ham's F-10 the mouse embryos arrested their development prior to 4-cell stage(control 76.7%;coculture 75.0%). In contrast, the coculturing mouse embryos revealed enhanced development(control 0%;coculture 22.8%) in human tubal fluid(HTF) only in late embryonic stages(hatching).
On the other hand, the degree of blastomere fragmentation exhibited a reverse trend to that of the developmental capacity. Embryos from coculture groups(Ham's F-10 & HTF) showed some fragmentation(0% & 4.2%) while 13.3% and 14.3% of the embryos in control groups(Ham's F-10 & HTF) were severely fragmented(P<0.05). Thus the use of coculture systems appears to be dependent on the type of medium used as a support.
The development rate of late 2-cell mouse embryos in Vero cell coculture was no significant differences until blastocyst stage but improved at late developmental stage(control 42.1% ; conculture 70.7%). Thus the Vero cell coculture system was shown to increase the hatching rate of mouse embryos.
I compared the PCR assay using the
Fifty-seven out of 81(70%) patients were culture positive and 64 out of 81(79%) patients were PCR positive. In seventy-two out of 81 patients, PCR was concordant with culture, but 8 patients had only positive-PCR and one patient had only positive-culture. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic efficiency of culture were 85%, 100%, 100%, 58% and 88%, respectively and those of PCR were 96%, 100%, 100%, 82% and 96%, respectively. The positive rates of
These findings suggest that the PCR assay using the ureC gene in gastric biopsy is more sensitive and rapid than culture and an effective test for the diagnosis of
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, Mi Sun Jo, Yeon Joo Jung, Kyung Eun Lee Alzheimer's disease(AD) is primarily characterized by neurofibrillary tangles, senile plaques, and neurodegeneration. The major component of senile plaques is the beta-amyloid peptide(A β), Which is considered to have a causal role in AD. However, the biological activities of Aβ in AD has not been clearly defined. In this study we have investigated the effects of Aβ 25-35 fragment to neurons using organotypic hippocampal slice culture system which maintained intact hippocampal synaptic circuit and anatomy. Hippocampal slice culture is prepared from rat postnatal 10-old days and after 14 days culture, slices were treated with 10uM Aβ 25-35 fragment. Neuronal death was measured with propidium iodide(PI) uptake and NeuN, neuronal marker, staining. After treatment of Aβ 25-35 fragment for 3days or 7days on hippocampal slice culture, we observed the increased PI uptake and the decreased number of NeuN-stained neuron in CA1 region of hippocampal pyramidal layer or dentate gyrus. These results suggested that Aβ 25-35 fragment exerts the neurotoxicity in hippocampal slice culture.
, Chun Dong Kim To establish new
Four SCCHN cell lines were used for MTS and raft culture.
All cell lines formed MTS, but only Tu-138 showed a good stratification at the airliquid interface in the raft culture system.
MTS and raft culture system were established successfully from the SCCHN cell lines.
, Chong Nahm Kim, Sung Min Chung, Chun Dong Kim, Sung Wan Byun The aim of this study is to obtain the basic knowledge for safer clinical use of oxymetazoline, one of nasal decongestants, by observing changes of ciliary activity and histopa-thologic findings after topical application of oxymetazoline to the cultured human basak mucosa.
The nasal mucosa, obtained from the inferior tubinates in healthy non-smokers without any nasal symptoms or signs, was cultured and then, exposed to oxymetazoline solu-tion at different concentrations from 0.0123% to 0.25%, containing no preservatives. Ciliary activity was observed under an inverted microscope and the histopathology of the mucosa was examined by light microscopy 1,3,6,12,24 and 48 hours after exposure, respectively.
Oxymetazoline impaired ciliary activity and induced mucosal injury at dose- and time-dependent patterns. Once the ciliary activity disappeared, it was not restored at least for the next 48 hours. Furthermore, these functional and morphologic changes resulted from applying oxymetazoline at the concentration of clinical use.
Oxymetazoline as a topical vasoconstrictor should be administered for the minimal period even at clinical dose.
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