The surgical modalities for treatment of chronic maxillary sinusitis have changed in recent years. The radical Caldwell-Luc operation has been replaced by the more conservative endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS). Good clinical results for the ESS technique have been reported(Wigand, 1978 ; Stammberger, 1991 ; Kennedy, 1992), but only a few papers give detailed data on the symptoms(Kamel, 1989 ; Levin, 1990 ; Lund, 1991). From April 1992 to January 1996, a total of 118 patients(primary ESS 62 patients and ESS after previous nasal surgery 56 patients) who underwent ESS at the department of otolaryngology, Ewha womans university Hospital, were evaluated.

Preoperative nasal symptoms, except for nasal discharge were higher in revision cases. The previous most common nasal surgery was polypectomy accounting for 25(44.6%) of the 56 revision cases. All had preoperative CT scans of the ostiomeatal unit area(OMU CT) and severity of inflammatory disease had been graded by CT. In revision cases, 30(53.6%)cases had complete opacification of one or more major sinuses. But in primary ESS cases, 19(30.6%) had findings limited to the osteomeatal complex. Overall, 43(76.8%) patients benefited from ESS in revieion cases, and 58(93.5%) in primary ESS cases. Synechia was the most common complication in revision and primary FESS cases. The difference of outcomes between primary ESS and ESS after previous nasal surgery is explained by the difference of preoperative state of the sinus mucosa.

The author's review of 118 patients showed that there was significant difference in the postoperartive success rate between the primary ESS and ESS after previous nasal surgery.

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a well-described fulminant fungal infection that typically presents in a rapidly fulminant manner. This condition is more likely to occur among patient with diabetes mellitus, malignant tumors, who have long-term steroid treatment, or who suffer from some debilitating diseases.

We report 3 cases of rhinoorbitocerebral mucormycosis, all suffered from diabetes mellitus. In all 3 cases, endoscopic sinus surgery was done and the antifungal agent(amphotericin B) was administered intravenously, and two patients died. One survivor who had focal extension of paranasal sinus and orbit, required one surgical intervention without orbital exenteration and he is alive without recurrence disease.

The severity of the disease is probably dependent upon the gost resistance to the invasion of phycomycetes. Early diagnosis and immediate, effective treatment are the key for cure of the disease.