, In-Young Yoon, Dong Yeon Kim, Sooyoung Cho OxyMask, a novel product, has recently been used to administer oxygen postoperatively to patients who have undergone general anesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of hypoxia in patients under general anesthesia upon arrival to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) using arterial blood gas analysis, and to compare the effectiveness of OxyMask with a non-rebreathing oxygen mask for oxygen administration.
We retrospectively investigated anesthesia-related data from the electronic medical records of 460 patients treated from April to November 2021. We analyzed patients aged 20 years or older who had undergone general anesthesia and whose perioperative arterial blood gas analysis results were available upon arrival to the PACU. These patients were grouped into the non-rebreathing oxygen mask (n=223) and OxyMask (n=237) groups, and statistical analysis was performed utilizing their anesthesia records.
No patients exhibited hypoxia upon arrival to the recovery room. The oxygen concentration increased after oxygen administration; its concentration during the recovery room period (Δ2 PaO2) was 10.7±42.3 and 13.9±38.5 mmHg in the non-rebreathing oxygen mask and OxyMask groups, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant. Moreover, the arterial oxygen saturation between the end of surgery and upon arrival to the PACU (Δ1 SaO2) and the arterial oxygen saturation 20 minutes after oxygen administration at the PACU (Δ2 SaO2) did not significantly differ between the groups.
OxyMask was not superior to a non-rebreathing oxygen mask in terms of the effectiveness of oxygen supply.
, Soo Yeon Kang, Ok Jeong Lee, Ji Hee Kwak Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Only a few patients reach adulthood without surgical correction. Unrepaired TOF patients with mild to moderate right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction may be clinically silent until adulthood. TOF with hypoxic spells present as periods of profound cyanosis that occur because of almost total RVOT obstruction. So, hypoxic spell typically occurs in a crying infant but is rare in an adult. In this report, we presented a case of a 75-year-old patient with uncorrected TOF presenting with hypoxic spell, consequent pulmonary hypertension and chronic heart failure. This is the oldest case of natural survivor with uncorrected TOF in Korea and the oldest patient presenting hypoxic spell worldwide.
The present study was aimed to investigate the ability of free radical scavenger(hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO) to change the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)from the hypoxia-sensitive rat hippocampal slices.
The hippocampus was obtained from the rat brain and sliced 400µm thickness with the manual chopper. After 30min's preincubation in the normal buffer, the slices were incubated for 20min in a buffer containing[3H]-5-HT(0.1µM, 74µCi/8ml) for uptake, and washed. To measure the release of [3H]-5-HT into the buffer, the incubation medium was drained off and refilled every ten minutes through sequence of 14 tubes. Induction of hypoxia(gassing it with 95% N2, 5% CO2) was done in 6th and 7th tube, and DMSO was added 10 minutes prior to these manipulations. The radioactivities in each buffer and the tissue were counted using liquid scintillation counter and the results were expressed as a percentage of the total radioactivities.
When slices were exposed to hypoxia for 20min, [3H]-5-HT release was decreased and a rebound release of [3H]-5-HT was observed on the post-hypoxic period. Administration of DMSO(10mM) increased the spontaneous release of [3H]-5-HT in the control group. And DMSO also prevented hypoxia-induced decrease of [3H]-5-HT release. But the rebound release of [3H]-5-HT during post-hypoxic period was not affected by DMSO.
In addition to the hydroxyl radical scavenging effect, DMSO has direct stimulation effect on the firing of 5-HT neuron.
, Shun Hee Chun, Jeong-Mi Yoon This study was performed to investigate the functional roles of hypoxia and HIF-1 α, leading to expression of VEGF and FGF in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
From September 2005 to february 2006, endometrial stromal cells were obtained from the patients with or without endometrosis at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Ewha Womans University Dongdaemun Hospital. These cells were cultured and treated with 100uM desferrioxamine (DFO) for 0hr and 2hr. After the extraction of total RNA, RT-PCR was performed and the expression level of HIF-1 α, VEGF and FGF mRNA were measured by β-actin as 1. Statistical analysis was performed by Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann-Whitney U test (SPSS 12.0 version). A p value of 0.05 was considered as the limit for statistical significance.
Chemical hypoxia condition with DFO in normal endometrium results m the up-regulation of HIF-1 α, but it was significantly decreased in the eutopic endometrium of the patients with endometriosis. The expression of VEGF in normal control group was not changed, but it was increased in endometriosis group under chemical hypoxia. Hypoxia with DFO induced the overexpression of FGF in endometriosis group, compared that it was slightly decreased in normal endometrium.
Hypoxia and subsequent production of HIF-1 α might regulate angiogenesis by the expression of VEGF and FGF, that is related to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. However, further studies are warranted to confirm.
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