Objectives: Remote ischemic preconditioning (rIPC) is a novel technique in which brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion in one organ confer protection against prolonged ischemia in a distant organ. In contrast, anesthetic-induced preconditioning (APC) utilizes volatile anesthetics to protect multiple organs from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Both methods are easily integrated into various clinical scenarios for cardioprotection. However, it remains unclear whether simultaneous application of these techniques could result in complementary, additive, synergistic, or adverse effects.

Methods: An adult rabbit heart Langendorff model of global ischemia/reperfusion injury was used to compare the cardioprotective effect of rIPC and APC alone and in combination relative to untreated (control) hearts. The rIPC group underwent four cycles of 5-minute ischemia on the hind limb, each followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion. The APC group received 2.5 vol% sevoflurane for 20 minutes via a face mask, followed by a 20-minute washout period.

Results: Both in vivo rIPC, induced by four 5-minute cycles of ischemia/reperfusion on the hind limb, and APC, administered as 2.5 vol% sevoflurane via a mask, significantly reduced the size of myocardial infarction following 30 minutes of global ischemia by >50% compared to the untreated control group (rIPC, 12.1±1.7%; APC, 13.5±2.1%; P<0.01 compared to control, 31.3±3.0%). However, no additional protective effect was observed when rIPC and APC were combined (rIPC+APC, 14.4±3.3%).

Conclusion: Although combining rIPC and APC did not provide additional protection, there was no inhibitory effect of one intervention on the other.

The effect of Na-Hyaluronan(Na-HA) on hemidesmosome morphogenesis was evaluated in n-heptanol induced corneal epithelial wounds, Epithelial wounds were produced by applying a 5.5mm round filter paper, soaked in n-heptanol, on the central cornea for 60 seconds. 1% Na-HA in phosphate buffered saline(PBS) or PBS saline were instilled 4 times a day for 3 days. Epithelial healing rates determined during the first two days were not altered by Na-HA. However, the number of hemidesmosome in the central cornea, which was counted in the basement membrane, significantly increased by the treatment with 1% Na-HA, being 10.0±1.1 in the 1% Na-HA treated group and 6.5±2.5 in the control group. The results suggest that topically applied 1% Na-HA may enhance the formation of hemidesmosome in n-heptanol wounded cornea.

Hysterosalpingography is a valuable diagnostic tool in the investigation of the uterine and tubal factors of female infertility.

Author evaluated the effect of different iodinated contrast agents on the fallopian tube and adnexal tissue in 16 rabbits. Lipiodol, an oil-soluble agent, was used for 4 rabbits. The following water soluble contrast agents were used for 12 rabbits: iothalamate meglumine 60%, diatrizoate sodium, and iopromide. The agents injected through the catheter placed in the fallopian tube. Fallopian tubes and peritoneal cavities were evaluated histologically. Iothalamate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium contrast agents, were associated with mild to moderate Inflammation and edema. Iopromide. which has low osmolarity, produced mild inflammation compared to ionic contrast agents. Use of oil-soluble contrast medium resulted in fibrous adhesion, moderate to marked inflammation and tissue edema in fallopian tubes andperiovarian tissues.

The safety of oil-soluble contrast agents for hysterosalpingogrpahy is questioned. Therefore, contrast agents with low osmolarity are suitable for use in hysterosalpingography.